GERMANISMS IN THE PROCESS OF LOANWORD IN ENGLISH

When we talk about loanwords, we should consider external factors, which include various influences from other languages that are evident in the graphic, phonetic, lexical, semantic, morphological, and syntactic aspects of language elements. This process takes place as a result of the interaction of related and and unrelated languages in both direct and indirect contact, along with continuous improvements based on their internal capabilities and resources. The key conditions for acquiring new words in a language involves the phonetic and graphic compatibility of borrowed words in the spoken language; associating these borrowed words with grammatical categories in the spoken language; phonetic acquisition of borrowed words; grammatical integration of borrowed words; the significant role of borrowed words in word creation; the semantic acquisition of borrowed words. Language interaction leads to the borrowing of certain linguistic elements and units between languages. As a result of this process, a word or term is transferred from one language to another. At this time, if borrowing, in other words, a new concept or things is created in response to the needs of the society, and this process of borrowing is typically carried out through the language that adopts the new word. Both English and German belong to the Germanic language group of the Indo-European language family. Modern English contains layers borrowed from various languages, along with lexical units taken from German. The article explores the influence of German borrowings in English.