DOGS IN THE PAGES OF ANCIENT LITERATURE

This article explores the diverse roles and symbolic meanings of dogs in ancient literature, examining their portrayals in works from Greece, Rome, Mesopotamia, and the Near East. It focuses on how dogs were depicted as symbols of loyalty, exemplified by Argos in Homer's 'Odyssey,' as guardians and protectors, such as Cerberus in Greek mythology, and as essential companions in hunting and daily life. The article also considers how cultural beliefs and social structures influenced these depictions, highlighting the complex relationship between humans and dogs in ancient societies. Ultimately, it demonstrates how ancient literature provides valuable insights into the enduring bond between humans and canines, revealing their significance beyond mere utility and their deep integration into the cultural narratives of the past.