Phytopharmacological Properties of Pterocarpus Marsupium Roxb. (Indian Kino): A Review

A deciduous tree native to India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka, Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. is often referred to as Indian Kino or Vijaysar. This plant's heartwood, bark, leaves, and flowers are among the parts that have historically been used in Ayurvedic medicine for their medicinal qualities. Numerous bioactive substances, including terpenoids, phenolic acids, and flavonoids (including epicatechin), have been found in P. marsupium through phytochemical studies. These components support its wide range of pharmacological actions, including its cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties. The plant's capacity to improve glucose absorption and offer protection against oxidative stress in hepatic cells makes its antidiabetic action especially noteworthy, according to research. Furthermore, P. marsupium shows promise in treating hyperlipidaemia and cataract development, highlighting its therapeutic adaptability. The goal of this thorough review is to clarify the phytopharmacological characteristics of Pterocarpus marsupium, pointing out its possible uses in contemporary medicine and outlining directions for further study to fully realize its therapeutic potential.