"ТРИ ДЕ-" (ДЕКОМУНІЗАЦІЯ, ДЕРАДЯНІЗАЦІЯ (ДЕКОЛОНІЗАЦІЯ), ДЕРУСИФІКАЦІЯ) В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ УКРАЇНИ

Attention is paid to the domestic experience of decommunization, mass demolition and dismantling of monuments to Soviet party and state figures. The new stage of this process, started in the spring of 2015, associated with the adoption of a package of documents on decommunization, significantly accelerated the process of cleaning up Ukrainian public space and brought it into the legal realm. Unfortunately, the laws do not stipulate the need to create a Museum for dismantled monuments. The authors of the laws ignored the relationship to the monumental art of the second half of the 20th century, which is associated with the Soviet period and communist ideology. To consider monumental art only through the prism of the Soviet period is to underestimate the cultural value of works that exist in a single copy and reflect one of the historical periods in the life of the people. The large-scale invasion of Russian wars into Ukraine on February 24, 2022 caused stirred up opposition from civil society, which inspired the process of dismantling a number of objects and memorials related to the history and culture of Russia and the USSR, clearing public space of markers of impe-rial claims to Ukrainian lands. The modern Russian-Ukrainian war is not only a confrontation with Putin’s Russia, but also a war for the final break with the old imperial and Soviet heritage. An important part of this heritage are monuments, toponyms, and museum expositions formed in those times. The problem of “three de-” is much more complex and large-scale, since it is in no way limited to outlined planes. If the laws on decommunization are adopted, the laws on decolonization and derussification exist only in pro-jects, which slows down the process of cleaning public space in a legal way. Keywords: war, cultural heritage, memorial space, decommunization, desovietization (decolonization), derussification, museum, monument.