Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Carbon Footprint Reduction Potential of Bio-CNG

This study explores the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and carbon footprint reduction potential of Bio-CNG,a renewable fuel derived from organic waste, aimed at mitigating the environmental impacts of fossil fuels.Through a cradle-to-grave approach, the LCA evaluates the energy inputs, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,and resource use across the Bio-CNG production chain, from biomass collection to biogas upgrading and usein transport or energy sectors. The findings highlight the significant reductions in CO₂, methane, and otherpollutants when compared to conventional fossil fuels. The research introduces a Bio-CNG Index, a compositemetric that quantifies the fuel's carbon footprint reduction potential, energy return, and sustainabilityperformance. This study emphasizes Bio-CNG as a key player in achieving climate action goals and fosteringsustainable energy transitions, particularly for regions seeking low-carbon alternatives to fossil-derived naturalgas and diesel. The results offer valuable insights for policy development and industrial adoption.