Quinazolinone Synthetic Strategies and Medicinal Significance: A review

Quinazolinone derivatives represent a vital class of heterocyclic compounds known for their structural diversity and wide-ranging biological activities. Their synthesis has been extensively studied, employing both conventional and advanced techniques. Traditional routes often involve the condensation of anthranilic acid with carbonyl compounds, while newer methods utilize microwave irradiation, multicomponent reactions, and greener alternatives to enhance efficiency and reduce environmental impact. In the field of medicinal chemistry, quinazolinones have attracted considerable attention due to their therapeutic potential against various diseases. They exhibit notable pharmacological properties such as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and central nervous system activities. The core structure allows for flexible chemical modifications, enabling the optimization of biological efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles through structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies. Overall, quinazolinones continue to be valuable scaffolds in the development of novel therapeutic agents. Looking ahead, future research should focus on designing new derivatives with improved selectivity and bioavailability, exploring their roles in molecular targeting, and integrating them into advanced drug delivery systems. Such efforts are expected to contribute significantly to the development of innovative and effective pharmaceuticals