STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING OF BRIDGES

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of bridges is essential for ensuring the safety, durability, and functionalityof critical transportation infrastructure. This paper presents an overview of modern SHM techniques employedto assess the condition and performance of bridges. It examines a range of sensors, including strain gauges,accelerometers, and displacement sensors, alongside advanced data acquisition systems used to collect real-timeinformation on structural behaviour. The integration of computational algorithms, such as machine learning anddata analytics, enables the detection of anomalies, deterioration patterns, and potential failures. Furthermore, thepaper highlights the role of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in reducing installation complexity andmaintenance costs, while enhancing data collection efficiency. A case study on a bridge in a seismic zone ispresented, demonstrating the application of SHM for monitoring dynamic responses and identifying criticalvulnerabilities. The results underscore the importance of proactive maintenance and early detection of structuralissues to extend the lifespan of bridges and prevent catastrophic failures. The study concludes by discussing thechallenges, future trends, and the potential of SHM systems in the global effort to enhanceinfrastructure resilience