Antibacterial Activity of Methanol Extract of Butterfly Pea Leaves (Clitoria ternatea L.) by Maceration and Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction Methods Against Propionibacterium acnes ATCC- 6919 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-29213

Acne is a type of skin disease, caused by blackheads that can trigger some bacteria to cause acne. Butterfly pea leaf (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a plant that contains tannin and phenol that show antibacterial characteristics. The compounds can inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. The production of tannin and phenol can be maximized by applying the right extraction methods. Maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) are commonly used in extracting plant compounds. The objectives of the study were to determine the best extraction method that can produce higher tannins and phenols from butterfly pea leaves, the diameter of the inhibition zone, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against P. acnes and S. aureus The variation of concentrations applied for the inhibition zone is methanol extract of butterfly pea leaves 40, 60, and 80 %, while MIC concentrations were of 5, 10, 20, and 40 % with five replications. The results show that the UAE method produced higher tannin and phenol content than the maceration method, namely 84.70 mg TAE/g extract and 640 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. The diameter of the inhibition zone of methanol extract of butterfly pea leaves by sonication method against P. acnes and S. aureus were higher than maceration at 20.60 mm and 22.90 mm, respectively, while the MIC of the butterfly pea leaves by sonication method against P. acnes and S. aureus were better than maceration at 10 % concentration.