DRUGS USED IN EPILEPSY

Epilepsy is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, characterized mainly by sudden, recurrent and specific disorders of brain activity (seizures). This disease negatively affects human health and quality of life. The role of drugs in the treatment of epilepsy is very great, and they are aimed at reducing the number of seizures in patients, alleviating their severity, as well as achieving complete control. The article analyzes the main drugs used to treat epilepsy, highlights their pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action, use, side effects and role in treatment strategies. In particular, detailed information on commonly used antiepileptic drugs such as carbamazepine, sodium valproate, phenytoin, lamotrigine and levetiracetam is provided. The article also discusses approaches to mono- and combination therapy, drug selection criteria, cases of drug-resistant epilepsy, the need for an individualized approach depending on the patient's condition. The study also takes into account the response of patients with epilepsy to drugs, individual differences, age, gender, the presence of other diseases and pharmacokinetic parameters. The article will be useful for healthcare professionals, neurologists, pharmacists, researchers, as well as patients and their families struggling with epilepsy. The results of the study will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy in the treatment of epilepsy, reducing side effects and improving the quality of life of patients.