A Review on Marine Bivalve Molluscs as Nutrient-Rich Food

Abstract Marine bivalve molluscs, including clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops, are widely recognized for their exceptional nutritional value and health benefits. These shellfish are rich in essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, proteins, and omega-3 fatty acids, which contribute to their role in promoting overall health. This review explores the nutrient composition of bivalve molluscs, highlighting their abundance of vital micronutrients like vitamin B12, selenium, zinc, and iron, as well as their high-quality protein content and healthy fats. Furthermore, the review delves into the health benefits associated with consuming bivalve molluscs, which are known to support cardiovascular health, enhance cognitive function, promote bone health, and bolster immune system efficiency. The consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, in particular, is beneficial for reducing inflammation and lowering the risk of chronic diseases. However, the review also addresses potential risks related to the consumption of bivalve molluscs, including concerns about contaminants such as heavy metals, microplastics, and harmful algal blooms, as well as the possibility of allergic reactions and foodborne illnesses. It emphasizes the importance of adopting safe harvesting, storage, and preparation practices to minimize these risks. By understanding both the health benefits and potential hazards, consumers can make informed decisions regarding the safe and beneficial consumption of bivalve molluscs.