Іmproving the efficiency of Сhina's energy sector based on Іndustry 4.0 principles

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to investigate the impact of Industry 4.0 principles on enhancing the efficiency of China’s energy sector amid the global economic transformation. Methods. The study employs a systematic approach, comparative analysis, statistical data processing, and case study methods to examine the practical application of digital technologies in the energy sector. Results. Particular attention is given to the analysis of key Industry 4.0 technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, Digital Twins, Smart Grids, and automated control systems. It is substantiated that the implementation of these technologies contributes to the modernization of energy infrastructure, resource consumption optimization, carbon emission reduction, and increased energy supply stability. A comparative analysis of the development dynamics of China’s energy sector over the past 10 years is conducted, identifying major trends and challenges. In particular, the transition of the country’s energy structure toward a higher share of renewable energy sources, the development of energy storage systems, and digital monitoring platforms is highlighted. Practical cases of implementing innovative Industry 4.0-based solutions across different regions of China are presented, demonstrating increased efficiency in energy generation and distribution. Conclusions. The study concludes that the digital transformation of the energy sector is a key factor in ensuring energy security, environmental sustainability, and the sustainable development of China’s economy. The obtained results can be used to develop energy strategies in other countries seeking to integrate Industry 4.0 principles into their national energy systems.