Denture-Related Oral Mucosal Lesions in a Government Medical College: a Retrospective Analysis

Background: Oral mucosal lesions are common complications among denture wearers, impacting their oral health and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of denture-related oral mucosal lesions in patients attending a government medical college. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, involving 90 denture-wearing participants. Data on demographic details, type and duration of denture use, oral mucosal lesions, and oral hygiene practices were collected from dental records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and t-tests. Results: The study included 45 males and 45 females, with a mean age of 58.6 years. Complete dentures were worn by 60% of participants, and the mean duration of denture use was 5.3 years. Oral mucosal lesions were present in 72.2% of participants, with denture stomatitis being the most common (33.3%), followed by traumatic ulcers (22.2%) and angular cheilitis (16.7%). A significant association was found between the type of denture and the presence of lesions (p = 0.035), as well as between oral hygiene practices and lesion prevalence (p = 0.045). Conclusion: The high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among denture wearers highlights the need for preventive measures. Complete dentures and poor oral hygiene practices were significantly associated with these lesions. Recommendations: Regular dental check-ups, proper denture maintenance, and stringent oral hygiene practices are recommended to reduce the risk of mucosal lesions in denture wearers.