PEDIATRIC PNEUMONIA: CLINICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT, AND GLOBAL HEALTH IMPACT

Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite advances in immunization and healthcare access, the disease continues to pose a serious burden due to delayed diagnosis, inappropriate antibiotic use, and rising antimicrobial resistance. This article provides a comprehensive review of the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies, complications, and global initiatives aimed at reducing the impact of pediatric pneumonia.