Uncovering the presence and conservation needs of the elusive red Panda (Ailurus fulgens) in Namdapha National Park, Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India

The red panda, or lesser panda (Ailurus fulgens), is an endangered species recognized as one of the world's flagship species. A scientific survey was conducted from July 2018 to December 2022, utilizing the camera trap technique in high-altitude, unexplored areas of Namdapha National Park in Eastern Arunachal Pradesh, India. Historically, Namdapha lies within the eastern limit of the red panda’s natural range in India. The species is known to inhabit temperate forests with bamboo understory conditions that exist in parts of Namdapha at elevations around 2,000–4,000 meters. Earlier records (1980s–1990s) from the Zemithang, Dapha Bum, and Deban areas suggested a possible presence, but confirmation was sparse due to remoteness and limited survey effort. The study confirmed the presence of red pandas in the park. The park's Daphabum Forest Range, which includes the East Himalayan moist temperate forest, recorded seven sightings of red pandas in three camera traps installed above 3000 meters above sea level. The predominance of sightings during daylight hours indicates the species exhibits primarily diurnal activity patterns. Fewer anthropogenic disturbances, such as evidence of hunting and medicinal plant collection, were observed in the red panda's habitat within the park. The distribution and population status of red pandas in the park may thus be thoroughly investigated in the future to prepare a conservation and population management action plan for the species based on the present study. A conservation action plan for the red panda in Namdapha National Park requires an integrated approach that combines scientific research, community engagement, habitat protection, and policy support.