ANALYSIS OF THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF TEACHING IN THE FORMATION OF ORAL SPEECH SKILLS IN RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM OF UZBEKISTAN

The article is devoted to the theoretical and methodological foundations of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the context of the higher education system of Uzbekistan, with a special emphasis on the development of oral communication skills of students. The study examines various theories of language acquisition and pedagogical approaches that can help teachers in choosing effective strategies to improve the level of spoken language proficiency among students. A qualitative approach was used to analyze these theories and methods, aimed at providing insights into the improvement of the learning process. The study emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach, in which the emphasis on grammar skills is complemented by strategies aimed at developing oral communication through authentic, real-life tasks. The conducted research shows that language learning is a dynamic process influenced by linguistic, social, cultural and cognitive factors. It also emphasizes the need for teachers to create an interactive and exciting learning environment that encourages students to participate in authentic communicative situations. Such a student-centered approach, emphasizing cooperation and partnership between teacher and student, is considered necessary for achieving functional language competence. The conclusion formulates recommendations and outlines directions for further research in this area.