Evaluating the Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in Filipino Primary Schools: A Paper Review

Abstract In this paper, Maestre and Gindidis' study Teachers' Beliefs, Practices, and Challenges in Using Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in an ESL Context in the Philippines is critically reviewed. The study looked at the opinions, teaching strategies, and difficulties faced by English teachers in a private school in Davao City when it came to using Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). By using a qualitative approach, the researchers discovered a discrepancy between the instructors' favorable opinions of CLT and their largely conventional, teacher-centered teaching methods. Contextual impediments like big class sizes, little training focused on CLT, a lack of instructional resources, and a curriculum that prioritizes grammar-centered instruction were the main causes of this discrepancy. This analysis goes beyond the study's results and places them in a more comprehensive context. This critique evaluates the methodological robustness of the study, noting the appropriateness of its qualitative design and the value of triangulating data from multiple sources. It also considers the study’s practical relevance to the broader discourse on English language teaching in the Philippines, where English serves both as a medium of instruction and as a marker of socio-economic mobility. The review emphasizes that transforming classroom practices requires more than changing teacher beliefs—it necessitates systemic support, including curriculum reform, leadership commitment, and sustained teacher capacity-building programs. In conclusion, this critique highlights the need for educational stakeholders to foster enabling environments where communicative teaching methods can flourish. Aligning pedagogical beliefs with practice is essential to improving English language instruction and achieving communicative competence among Filipino learners in diverse ESL contexts. Keywords: Communicative Language Teaching, teacher beliefs, classroom practices