Innovative Strategies for e-Waste Recycling: Conventional and Emerging Methods.

Electronic waste (e-waste) is quickly emerging as one of the fastest-growing types of waste in the nation. The use of electronic equipment has increased substantially due to the expansion of the information and communication technology industry. With the rapid upgrade of electronic products, consumers are becoming interested in adopting the latest versions. As a result, the disposal of outdated products is contributing significantly to the rise in e-waste. This paper provides a summary of the issues associated with electronic waste, including its sources, global production trends, and the challenges involved in recycling it. The circular economy is a framework that emphasizes the reuse, repair, and recycling of products and materials to reduce waste and lessen environmental and social effects. It presents this approach as a possible solution to current challenges. The literature review delves into e-waste management comprehensively, covering collection methods and recycling techniques like hydrometallurgy, bio-metallurgy, and pyrometallurgy. Additionally, we have performed an experiment on silver extraction using traditional methods of extraction in which we had concluded some problems and felt the need for an environment-friendly method highlighting the study on an extraction method named phytoextraction. It even underscores the benefits of effective e-waste management while addressing both opportunities and obstacles. The goal of this research is to propose a practical solution to address the negative impacts of e-waste in the conclusion. Finally, through this study, the need for immediate action, recommending the adoption of circular economy principles and the enhancement of recycling facilities in regard to e-waste management has been suggested.