Comparison of Various Intrathecal Clonidine Doses as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine for Lower Limb Surgeries: A Prospective Observational Study

Background: This prospective observational study evaluated the effect of varying doses of intrathecal clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in patients undergoing lower limb surgeries. Methods: A total of 150 patients were randomly assigned to receive low (30 mcg), moderate (45 mcg), or high (60 mcg) doses of clonidine alongside 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine. The primary outcomes measured included the onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, duration of postoperative analgesia, and incidence of side effects. Results: Results indicated that higher doses of clonidine significantly expedited the onset of sensory block and prolonged both sensory and motor blockade durations. However, increased dosages were also associated with a higher incidence of adverse effects, particularly hypotension and sedation. Moderate doses (45 mcg) provided an optimal balance between effective analgesia and reduced side effects. Conclusion: This study suggests that moderate doses of intrathecal clonidine may serve as a standard practice in spinal anesthesia for lower limb surgeries. Careful dose selection is essential for enhancing patient outcomes while minimizing risks associated with regional anesthesia.