GREEN SYNTHESIS OF AU NANOPARTICLES USING ALLIUM CEPA L. (ONION) AND EVALUATION OF THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

Green technology is increasingly important, especially for synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are valued for their optical properties, stability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. This study aimed to synthesize AuNPs using onion extract, rich in bioactive compounds like flavonoids and enzymes, which act as natural reducing agents. The successful synthesis of AuNPs was indicated by a color change from green to dark brown and confirmed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and Zeta potential analysis. The biosynthesized AuNPs exhibited significant anticancer activity against DLA cells and antimicrobial activity against pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus.