CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DESTRUCTIVE CHOLECYSTITIS

Destructive cholecystitis is characterized by significant immunological changes that play a key role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In patients with this diagnosis, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) are observed, indicating a pronounced systemic inflammatory response. Changes in blood cell composition, including a decreased CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte ratio and an increased number of NK cells, indicate an imbalance in immune regulation. Additionally, patients exhibit pronounced oxidative stress, characterized by a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These changes highlight the importance of understanding the immunological mechanisms in destructive cholecystitis, which may contribute to the development of more effective treatment strategies aimed at modulating the immune response and reducing inflammation.