Systematic Review on Harlequin Syndrome

Unilateral hyperhidrosis and flushing, which are mostly brought on by heat or exertion, are the hallmarks of Harlequin syndrome. Sympathetic deficiencies typically only affect the face. In rare cases, the parasympathetic neurons in the ciliary ganglia or the arm are affected by autonomic deficiencies. According to research, Harlequin syndrome occurs as a result of a misunderstanding between cells in your autonomic nervous system on the left and right sides of your body. It mostly affects adults, though it has sometimes been seen in children, particularly when linked to other neurological conditions. It can affect both males and females, with a small male predominance in certain accounts. Disruption of the sympathetic nervous system, which can be brought on by trauma, stroke, tumours, or surgery, is the condition's most common cause. The hallmark asymmetrical expression of face flushing and perspiration is the primary basis for the clinical diagnosis of Harlequin syndrome. Both non pharmacological and pharmacological treatment exits for harlequin syndrome both focusing on the symptomatic relief and slowing disease progression