Histopathological Study of Oral Cavity Dental Lesions

Abstract Background: The oral cavity represents the entrance to the upper aerodigestive tract, which begins at the lips and ends at the anterior surface of the faucial arch. It is lined by squamous epithelium with interspersed minor salivary glands. Oral lesions are a common due to mucosal exposure to tobacco, recurrent trauma, infections and genetic predisposition. . Aims: Data analysis of Histopathological specimen of oral dental lesions. Methods and Material: Present retrospective study included 181 specimens of lesions of oral cavity histopathological biopsies received at Department of Pathology, a tertiary care hospital for histopathological examination. Descriptive analysis of data was done. Results: Total 181 cases were received of oral dental lesions from January 2015 to December 2024. Mean age was 38.8 years. Male to female ratio was 1.3: 1. Maximum number of patients were in 21-30-year age group. In nonneoplastic lesions maximum cases showed inflammation while in malignant lesions maximum cases were of Squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: There were variety of lesions encountered in present study with predominance of malignant lesions. The most common malignant lesion was Squamous cell carcinoma. For confirmation of clinical examination findings and dilemmas, ‘gold standard’ histopathological examination is complemented for confirming the tendency of oral lesions.