Hormone Receptor Status in Breast Carcinoma: A Study on Prognostic and Demographic Factors in an Indian Healthcare Setting

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally and is projected to surpass lung cancer as the leading type by 2025. In India, rising incidences necessitate effective screening and standardized protocols, particularly in resource-limited settings. This observational study aimed to assess the incidence of hormone receptor status in breast carcinoma and its correlation with demographic and prognostic factors. Conducted at Dr. D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, the study included 30 female patients who underwent Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM). Hormone receptor statuses (ER, PR, HER2) were analyzed along with clinicopathological data. Results showed that the majority of patients (40%) were aged 41 to 60, and invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant histological type (93.33%). Lymph node involvement was observed in 73.33% of patients, and tumour size between 2-5 cm was present in 70%. ER positivity was noted in 46.67% of patients, while PR positivity was observed in 50%, and HER2 positivity was seen in 43.33%. Correlations between age and hormone receptor status indicated significant associations, particularly for ER and PR. ER-positive tumours were more likely to be larger (>5 cm) and in advanced stages (III and IV), while PR-positive patients exhibited similar correlations with tumour size and lymph node involvement.