Vitamin E Deficiency in Animals and Birds: Clinical importance and preventive approaches

Vitamin E is an essential nutrient for animals and birds, playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular health, immunity, and reproductive functions. It is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage. When animals or birds are deprived of sufficient vitamin E in their diet, it can lead to a range of health issues, collectively referred to as "vitamin E deficiency diseases." These disorders are often more pronounced in young, growing animals and can lead to substantial economic losses for farmers.