Representation and Discourse of LGBTQ+ in Nigeria on Twitter (X): Implication for Identity Formation, Digital Homophobia and Resistance Strategies

Background: Homosexuality in Nigeria remains a contentious topic, especially within digital media, where societal norms and values often shape discussions. This study, grounded in social identity theory, investigates the role of identity filters in repressing homosexual persons through social media discourse. Objective: This study aims to explore how identity filters—religious, political, and cultural—are used to shape negative perceptions and conversations surrounding homosexuality on Twitter in Nigeria. Method: A content analysis was conducted on 122 tweets using a coding guide to capture key identity filters. These were analyzed to understand their impact on the framing and frequency of discussions about homosexuality. Results: Findings indicated a limited presence of social media discourse on homosexuality in Nigeria, which can be attributed to a "spiral of silence." When such conversations did occur, they were predominantly framed through religious lenses, reinforcing negative representations. Conclusion: The study concludes that social media conversations on homosexuality in Nigeria are both scarce and largely negative, often influenced by religious identity filters. Unique Contribution: This research provides empirical insights into the role of identity filters in the digital repression of homosexuality and offers a framework for understanding similar issues in other contexts. Key Recommendation: Promoting media literacy and encouraging open, fair dialogues online could reduce the negative framing and repression of homosexual persons in Nigeria.