Histopathological Image Analysis for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Classification using Concatenated Deep Learning Models

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),the7thmostcommoncancerworldwide,andaccountsformorethan 90%oforalmalignancies.EarlydetectionofOSCCisessential foreffectivetreatmentand reducing themortality rate. However, the gold standardmethodofmicroscopy-based histopathological investigationisoftenchallenging, time-consumingandreliesonhuman expertise. Automatedanalysis of oral biopsy images canaid thehistopathologists in performinga rapidandarguablymoreaccuratediagnosisofOSCC.Weutilizedtransfer learning approachby adapting three pre-trained deep learning (DL)models toOSCC detection.