ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING ELT

English Language Teaching (ELT) has become an essential field, catering to the increasing global demand for English proficiency in education, business, and cross-cultural communication. This paper reviews the evolution of ELT methodologies, from traditional Grammar Translation and the Direct Method to communicative approaches such as Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT). Central principles, including communicative competence, learner-centered approaches, and formative assessment, are examined for their roles in shaping effective instruction. Additionally, the integration of technology in ELT—through digital platforms, Learning Management Systems (LMS), and Artificial Intelligence (AI)—is discussed, highlighting how these tools provide personalized learning experiences and greater accessibility. Current trends, such as blended learning, gamification, and culturally responsive teaching, reflect the dynamic, adaptive nature of ELT in meeting diverse learner needs. Challenges in the field, including resource accessibility, teacher training, and accurate assessment, are also explored. The review concludes by examining future directions for ELT, emphasizing the importance of inclusivity, technological integration, and personalized learning to enhance English language proficiency worldwide