A Clinicopathological Study of Pleural Effusion at ASMC, Firozabad

Background: Pleural effusion is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural space . Pleural effusion is not a disease entity per se rather it’s a manifestation of a complication of the pulmonary or non-pulmonary diseases. The causes of Pleural Effusion are too many. Pleural fluid analysis by cytology and cell block remain the mainstays for diagnosing etiology of pleural effusion. Objectives: This study aimed to perform cytological analysis of pleural fluid to find out its etiology and to find prevalence of these etiologies with respect to age and sex. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at tertiary care hospital of ASMC, Firozabad, Uttar Pradesh on 100 patients of Pleural Effusion coming to the Department of Pathology for cytological analysis of the Pleural fluid over a period of 1 year from January 2023 to December 2023. Results: Out of total 100 cases of pleural effusion studied ,our study found Tuberculosis to be the most common cause of pleural effusion in Firozabad region(82%) followed by malignancies in which most common was Lung Adenocarcinoma (8%) followed by Carcinoma breast(2%) and Ovarian Adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Most common cause of pleural effusion in Firozabad region is Tuberculosis followed by malignant pleural effusion.