Prevalence and Determinants of Non-Communicable Diseases in Urban Populations

Introduction: The significance of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in public health is increasing globally, particularly in urban areas. This study focuses on the occurrence and predictors of NCD risk factors among the adult population. The findings aim to reveal a range of behavioural and socio-demographic traits that contribute to NCDs risk thus providing important information for targeted treatment measures. Methods: A multistage random sampling technique was employed in conducting a cross-sectional survey among selected individuals. A structured table was used to collect data on NCDs risk factors. Various risk factors including smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, occupation and poverty status were analysed. Logistic regression method was employed by researchers to identify major causes of these risks. Results: It was found that most individuals had behaviours that were not optimal for their health. Majority smoked tobacco, consumed alcohol while some are poor diets and had weight problems. Out of every four persons, 25% were obese or overweight whereas 29% had high blood pressure readings. Males took more alcohol than females did. Overweight and obesity was common between ages 30-60 years, married people, and certain ethnic groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that public healthcare policies need to be put in place rapidly given these results as it shows the rise in number of chronic conditions that are difficult to prevent or manage like cardiovascular diseases due to lifestyle practices such as smoking and unhealthy dieting which can easily be avoided through simple education campaigns programs. Monitoring strategies should be well implemented alongside interventions aimed at minimizing the occurrence of NCD risk factors.