Peroneutypa guizhouensis X. Y. Mao, K. Habib & Y. Q. Kang 2025, sp. nov.

Peroneutypa guizhouensis X. Y. Mao, K. Habib & Y. Q. Kang sp. nov. Fig. 3 Etymology. The epithet refers to the name of the province from where the samples were collected. Type. China • Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Panlongshan Forest Park. (106°49'18"E, 26°44'58"N), altitude 1242.1 m, on branch of an unidentified plant, 8 June 2024. Xin Y Mao & Y. Q. Kang, PLS 29 (Holotype GZAAS 24-0087; ex-type cultures GZCC 24-0296; Isotype KUN-HKAS 145344). GenBank accession numbers (ITS: PQ 878089; tub 2: PQ 876910). Description. Saprobic on dead branches of an unidentified plant. Sexual morph: Stromata 0.5–1.5 mm in diameter, immersed in the host surface, ostiolar canals protruding through the bark, poorly developed, solitary, rarely gregarious, 1–4 locules, usually two, arranged irregularly, dark brown to black, glabrous, circular to irregular in shape, Ascomata (excluding neck) perithecia 400–720 μm high, 400–600 µm diam. (x ̄ = 650 × 400 μm, n = 20), immersed in a stroma, black, globose to sub-globose, each has an individual ostiole with a long neck. Ostiolar canals: erumpent, smooth, 300–570 (x ̄ = 435 μm) in length, cylindrical, smooth, curved at the apex. Peridium 48–56 μm (x ̄ = 52.4 μm) thick, composed of two layers, outer layer dark brown to black, cells thick-walled, texture angularis, inner layers hyaline, cells flattened. Paraphyses 3–5.8 μm (x ̄ = 4.9 μm, n = 20) wide, wider at the base, long, septate, smooth-walled. Asci 16–33 × 3.6–6.8 μm (x ̄ = 24.1 × 5.0 μm, n = 30), unitunicate, 8 - spored, clavate, apically truncates, with a J- apical ring. Ascospore 2.2–4.7 × 1.1–1.8 μm (x ̄ = 3.3 × 1.4 μm, n = 30), overlapping, allantoid, subhyaline, smooth, aseptate, strongly curved, with 1–2 small guttules. Asexual morph: undetermined. Culture characteristics. Colonies growing fast on PDA, reach 55 mm in 1 week at 28 ° C, effuse, thin towards the edge, from above at first white, becoming dirty white at the edge after 2 weeks, from below brownish at the center, the rest white. Additional specimens examined. China • Guizhou Province, Zunyi county, Dashahe Natural Reserve (107°34'19"E, 29°7'32"N) altitude: 1900 m, on branches of an unidentified plant, 26 April 2024; Xin Y Mao & Y. Q. Kang, XHP 01 (Paratype GZAAS 24-0088, Isotype KUN-HKAS 145343, ex-paratype cultures GZCC 24-0297).). GenBank accession numbers (ITS: PQ 878090; tub 2: PQ 876911). Notes. Peroneutypa guizhouensis is morphologically and phylogenetically like P. hainanensis, mainly due to its strongly curved ascospores. However, P. guizhouensis can be distinguished by its longer ostiolar necks (300–570 μm vs. 105–420 μm), smaller asci (16–33 μm in length, x ̄ = 24.1 × 5.0 μm vs. 28.5–40 μm, x ̄ = 33.5 × 5.5 μm), and significantly smaller ascospores (2.2–4.7 × 1.1–1.8 μm vs. 5.0–7.3 × 1–2 μm) (Li et al. 2023). In addition to Peroneutypa hainanensis, P. guizhouensis shares similarities with P. diminutiasca, P. curvispora, and P. qianensis due to its strongly curved ascospores. Compared to P. diminutiasca, P. guizhouensis has significantly longer ostiolar necks (300–570 μm vs. 105–280 μm), a thicker peridium (48–56 μm vs. 15–32 μm), and smaller ascospores (2.2–4.7 × 1.1–1.8 μm vs. 3.1–5.9 × 1.3–2.2 μm) (Shang et al. 2018). Peroneutypa curvispora differs from P. guizhouensis in having much longer ostiolar necks (400–800 μm vs. 300–570 μm), smaller asci (9–16.5 × 4–6 μm vs. 16–33 μm), and the absence of paraphyses (vs. present) (de Almeida et al. 2016). Compared to P. qianensis, P. guizhouensis differs in having longer ostiolar necks (300–570 μm vs. 105–420 μm), larger asci (16–33 × 3.6–6.8 vs. 16.5–20.5 × 4–6 μm), and smaller ascospores (2.2–4.7 × 1.1–1.8 μm vs. 4.5–6.3 × 1.5–0.3 μm) and presence of paraphyses (vs. lack) (Li et al. 2023). These morphological differences (Table 2), combined with phylogenetic evidence, highlight the distinctiveness of P. guizhouensis and confirm its status as a new species.