The impact of youth unemployment on peace and conflict in Somalia

ABSTRACT Background: Youth unemployment in Somalia significantly impacts the country's stability and peace. High unemployment rates among young people contribute to economic marginalization and frustration, making them more susceptible to recruitment by extremist groups and involvement in criminal activities. This exacerbates existing social tensions and undermines efforts toward peacebuilding and conflict resolution. Furthermore, the lack of job opportunities hinders economic development, creating a cycle of poverty and instability. Addressing youth unemployment through education, vocational training, and job creation is crucial for fostering long-term peace and stability in Somalia. Objective: The general objective of the study on the impact of youth unemployment on peace and conflict in Somalia is to examine the relationship between youth unemployment and its influence on the overall stability, peace, and potential for conflict within the country. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive research design using quantitative methods to examine the impact of youth unemployment on peace and conflict in Somalia. The sample size included 73 respondents from the target population, determined using Sloven’s formula.The researcher used a random sampling method. The data collection instrument consisted solely of closed-ended questions with predefined response options. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v.20). Results: The demographic analysis reveals that a significant majority of respondents, primarily aged between 25-35 years, with 61.6% holding university degrees and a majority possessing specialized skills (75.3%) and participating in training programs (67.1%), a substantial 21.9% remainunemployed. Respondents overwhelmingly perceive youth unemployment as a catalyst for social unrest and violence, with 78.1% acknowledging this connection. Alarmingly, 64.4% have directlywitnessed or experienced violence linked to youth unemployment, underscoring the urgent need for intervention. The study highlights widespread support (79.5%) for addressing youth unemployment as a pathway to enhancing peace and stability in Somalia. Recommendations: Enhance educational and vocational training programs to better align the skills of youth with the demands of the job market. Increase investment in job creation programs by both the government and private sector. Implement and strengthen policies that support entrepreneurship among youth. Address barriers to employment identified in the study, including discrimination in the job market and inadequate government policies.