Phanaeus MacLeay 1819

Genus Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819 Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819: 124 (original description). Type species: Phanaeus vindex MacLeay, 1819, by subsequent designation of Bouchard et al. (2024). Lonchophorus Germar, 1823: 106 (original description), senior homonym of Lonchophorus Lund, 1839 (Rodentia: Echimyidae) (invalid in favour of Phyllomys Lund, 1839), Lonchophorus Eschscholtz, 1825 (Crustacea) (invalid in favour of Percnon Gistel, 1848, new replacement name), Lonchophorus Studer, 1881 (Echinodermata) (uncertain status), and Lonchophorus Pomel, 1883 (Echinodermata) (uncertain status). Type species: Scarabaeus carnifex Linnaeus, 1767 (non 1758), by subsequent designation of Edmonds (1972). Onthurgus Gistel, 1857: 602 (original description). Type species: Scarabaeus carnifex Linnaeus, 1767 (non 1758), by original designation [see Edmonds’ (1972: 827; 2000: 4) discussion on the identity of the type species]. Palaeocopris Pierce, 1946: 130 (original description). Type species: Palaeocopris labreae Pierce, 1946, by original monotypy. Phanaeus – Brullé 1838: 302 (redescription). — Agassiz 1846: 818 (catalogue). — Lacordaire 1855: 100 (redescription). — Harold 1869d: 1016 (catalogue). — Chapuis 1876: 276 (catalogue). — Nevinson 1892: 1 (catalog, distribution). — Gillet 1911b: 81 (catalog, distribution). — Lucas 1920: 499 (catalog, distribution). — Dawson 1922: 61 (key). — d’Olsoufieff 1924: 22, 63, 140 (key, redescription, distribution). — Pessôa 1934: 282, 284 (description, biology). — Pessôa & Lane 1941: 470 (key, characteristics). — Blackwelder 1944: 209 (list). — Balthasar 1951: 336 (list). — Pereira 1953: 391 (notes). — Roze 1955: 45 (checklist for Venezuela). — Martínez 1959: 97 (catalogue for Argentina). — Halffter & Matthews 1966: 258 (catalog, distribution). — Vulcano & Pereira 1967: 566 (key). — Edmonds 1972: 820, 826 (key, redescription); 1994: 8 (revision); 2003: 60 (redescription). — Howden & Young 1981: 12, 134 (key, redescription). — Halffter & Edmonds 1982: 136 (catalog, distribution). — Zunino 1985: 104 (comment). — Gámez & Mora 2000: 17 (list). — Medina & Lopera-Toro 2000: 303 (key). — Vítolo 2000: 595 (key); 2004: 283 (diagnosis). — Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 194 (checklist for Brazil). — Medina et al. 2001: 140 (checklist for Colombia). — Arnaud 2002b: 13 (key). — Ratcliffe 2002: 16 (checklist for Panama). — Philips et al. 2004b: 50 (comments). — Hamel-Leigue et al. 2006: 17 (list for Bolivia); 2009: 64 (distribution for Bolivia). — Noriega et al. 2007: 80 (list). — Vaz-de-Mello et al. 2011a: 25 (key). — Carvajal et al. 2011: 137, 318 (diagnosis, list for Ecuador). — Edmonds & Zídek 2012: 2 (revision). — Krajcik 2012: 204 (list). — Solís & Kohlmann 2012: 7 (checklist for Costa Rica). — Figueroa et al. 2014: 133 (distribution for Peru). — Boilly et al. 2016: 96 (list, comments). — Chamorro et al. 2018: 75, 97–98 (list for Ecuador); 2019: 210 (catalogue). — Hielkema & Hielkema 2019: 105 (catalogue for the Guianas). Lonchophorus – Brullé 1838: 302 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Agassiz 1846: 620 (catalogue). — Lacordaire 1855: 100 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Harold 1869d: 1016 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Nevinson 1892: 1 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Gillet 1911b:81 (synonym of Phanaeus).— Lucas 1920: 381 (synonym of Phanaeus). — d’Olsoufieff 1924: 140 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Blackwelder 1944: 209 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Martínez 1959: 97 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Edmonds 1972: 826 (synonym of Phanaeus); 1994: 46 (cited as synonym of Phanaeus). — Ratcliffe 2002: 16 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Vítolo 2000: 595 (key); 2004: 86 (cited as synonym of Phanaeus). — Solís & Kohlmann 2012: 7 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Figueroa et al. 2014: 133 (synonym of Phanaeus). Onthurgus – Edmonds 1972: 827 (synonym of Phanaeus); 1994: 46 (cited as synonym of Phanaeus). — Ratcliffe 2002: 16 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Vítolo 2004: 286 (cited as synonym of Phanaeus). — Solís & Kohlmann 2012: 7 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Figueroa et al. 2014: 133 (synonym of Phanaeus). Palaeocopris – Ratcliffe 2002: 16 (synonym of Phanaeus). — Edmonds 1994: 46 (cited as synonym of Phanaeus). — Vítolo 2004: 286 (cited as synonym of Phanaeus). — Solís & Kohlmann 2012: 7 (synonym of Phanaeus).