Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Poultry Farming

Abstract Antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) in chicken farming threatens human and animal health worldwide. People can catch resistant bacteria through direct contact with animals eating contaminated chicken or from chicken waste that pollutes the environment. Each region faces its challenges. China has high resistance rates because farmers overuse antibiotics. India shows different resistance patterns between broiler and layer farms, which shows the need for specific rules. The rising global demand for animal protein makes effective teamwork across countries essential. Farmers give antibiotics to chickens to help them grow faster, stop them from getting sick, and treat diseases. This has caused resistant bacteria to pop up and spread. Using the wrong amounts of drugs meant for humans and misusing antibiotics make the problem worse. The widespread use of antibiotics in chicken farming has led to the rise and spread of resistant bacteria. Farmers use these drugs to boost growth, prevent illness, and treat diseases. Wrong doses, overuse, and putting important medical antibiotics in feed and water have made things worse. Resistant germs from chickens can reach humans in several ways. These include touching the animals, polluting the environment, and entering the food supply. So, this review examines how antibiotic resistance affects chicken farming. To tackle this, experts are exploring and using several methods. These include more rigid biosecurity rules, new treatment options, stricter laws on antibiotic use, better tracking of resistance trends, and pushing for responsibility. Many countries have passed laws to reduce antibiotic use in chicken farms to make chickens grow faster, as they know how serious this issue is. Still, this review's goal is to discuss the impact of antibiotic resistance in chicken production, focusing on new ways to control bacteria under study. These fresh approaches involve antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, probiotics, and nanoparticles