MAJOR RISK FACTORS FOR PREGNANCY LOSS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Pregnancy loss, or spontaneous abortion, is one of the most common pregnancy pathologies, affecting up to 15–20% of all clinically recognized pregnancies. Despite advancements in modern medicine, the issue of pregnancy loss remains significant in both obstetrics and public health due to its serious medical, psychological, and social consequences for the woman and her family. The causes of miscarriage are often unknown, although experts agree that approximately half of miscarriages occur due to chromosomal abnormalities. Risk factors include uncontrolled diabetes, uterine anomalies, maternal age, the number of previous pregnancy losses, maternal body mass index, smoking, alcohol and drug use, and paternal age [1].