Spectrum of Primary Tumor Sites of Liver Metastatic Deposits Established on Histopathological Findings

Aim: descriptive analysis of the histomorphological spectrum of metastatic deposits in liver from different primaries and categorize them according to age, sex, morphology and immunohistochemical interpretations. Materials and Methods: Our study was carried out in the Pathology department of NIMS Medical College, Jaipur on 94 patients who were suspected for liver metastasis clinically and underwent biopsy for histopathological findings over a time duration of 3 years. Complete clinical history of the included patients was taken along with their radiological investigations, serum markers, cytological findings and treatment history. Results: In this study maximum number of cases of liver metastasis were Gastrointestinal in origin (47 cases: 50%) including colorectal, gall bladder, pancreas, pancreatobiliary and gastric origin. Out of these most common sites for liver metastasis was observed from gall bladder; reported as adenocarcinomas (18 cases; 19.15%) confirmed on IHC findings of keratin 7 and 20 and keratin19. Amongst the 10 cases of pancreatic origin metastasis (CEA and CA19.9), predominant cases (9 out of 10) were pancreatic adenocarcinoma and one case of neuroendocrine tumor of pancreas was reported. 10 cases were reported as pancreatobiliary metastasis on the basis of IHC findings out of which 6 were confirmed to be adenocarcinomas of pancreatobiliary origin one case of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and 2 cases of periampullary origin were found. Stomach primaries (4 cases) were mostly adenocarcinomas which deposited metastasis in liver while one case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor was observed with IHC confirmation. Second most common metastasis was from Lung primaries (23 cases; 24.5%). Conclusion: Incorporating clinical history, radiological findings, and IHC is crucial to differentiate primary liver tumors from metastases, ensuring accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.