CISPLATIN-INDUCED RENAL SALT WASTING SYNDROME

Abstract This study examines the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin, a platinum antineoplastic agent widely used in cancer treatment. Despite its efficacy against malignancies, cisplatin can induce apoptosis in the proximal tubule of the nephron, leading to a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate. The primary focus of this research is on hyponatremia as a potential side effect, with inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion syndrome (SIADH) and Renal Salt Wasting Syndrome (RSWS) being the main mechanisms. A case of RSWS is reported in a 34-year-old adult male following cisplatin chemotherapy for osteosarcoma cruris sinistra. Understanding the pathophysiological distinctions between SIADH and RSWS is crucial for proper management, as errors in diagnosis and therapy can exacerbate the patient's condition. RSWS therapy involves restoring intravascular volume through oral and intravenous fluids, along with correcting hyponatremia with saline. The patient demonstrated improvement after 12 days of treatment, offering valuable insights for similar conditions in patients undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy.