Isostichopus badionotus

Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka, 1867) Figs 1A–J, 3A–D, 4A, 5A, 6–9, 10A, 11A; Tables 1–3 Stichopus badionotus Selenka, 1867: 316, pl. 18 fig. 20. Stichopus haytiensis Semper, 1868: 75, pl. 30 fig. 5. Stichopus möbii Semper, 1868: 246, pl. 40 fig. 11. Stichopus errans Ludwig, 1875: 97. Stichopus diaboli Heilprin, 1888: 312. Stichopus xanthomela Heilprin, 1888: 313. Stichopus acanthomella – H.L Clark in Lloyd 1900: 885. Typographic error. Stichopus badionotus – Clark 1922: 55, pl. 2 figs 11–18; 1933: 109; 1942: 386. — Deichmann 1930: 80, pl. 5 figs 30–36; 1940: 195; 1954: 388, fig. 66, 1–8; 1957: 4, figs 1–4. Stichopus moebii – Clark 1922: 55. — Cutress 1996: 105. Article 32.5.2.1 ICZN Code (1999). Isostichopus badionotus – Deichmann 1958: 280; 1963: 106. — Tikasingh 1963: 84, figs 23–25. — Pawson 1976: 373. — Caycedo 1978: 159, pl. 1 figs 1–4. — Miller & Pawson 1984: 54, figs 44–45. — Hendler et al. 1995: 280, figs 156, 187g –i. — Cutress 1996: 105, figs 33B–D, 37–40, table 13. — Pawson et al. 2010: 34, figs 6f, 27. — Borrero-Pérez et al. 2012: 174, 175, figs b, c, e–o; 2022: 180–186. — Prata et al. 2014: 143, fig. 7a–h, table 5. — Vergara & Rodríguez 2015: 1022, fig. 1a. — Martínez et al. 2016: 19–20, figs 2, 4. — Vergara et al. 2018: 36–39, figs 2–3. — Acosta et al. 2021: 1–17. — Purcell et al. 2023: 142–143. Stichopus herrmanni – Rodríguez-Forero et al. 2013: 12, fig. 5. Stichopus hermanni – Vergara & Rodríguez 2015: 1022, fig. 1c. Typographic error. Original name Stichopus badionotus Selenka, 1867. Current status Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka, 1867). Name-bearing type Lectotype MCZ HOL-509. Type locality Florida, USA. Diagnosis No spiral lines in dorsal and lateral papillae; four color patterns (Figs 1A–J, 8); no worm-like rod ossicles in dorsal papillae (Fig. 7A); mtDNA divergence from other species of the genus>6.1% in COIFr1 (barcoding region),>10.8% in COI-Fr2 and> 5.2% in 16S (Table 2). Material examined Lectotype (here designated) USA • 1 reticulated color pattern (L = 190 mm); Florida; collector number 395 leg.; MCZ HOL-509. Other material NORTH ATLANTIC – Bermuda • 2 specs uniform pattern (L = 170–230 mm); Harrington Sound; 32.330556° N, 64.721944° W; 11 Jul. 1911; E.M. Grosse leg.; MCZ HOL-1082 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 205 mm); Harrington Sound; 32.330556° N, 64.721944° W; 1911; E.M. Grosse leg.; MCZ HOL-1083 • 1 spec. juvenile (L = 40 mm); Bailey’s Bay; 11 Oct. 1972; depth 2–3 m; D.L. Pawson leg.; USNM E11783. – Bahamas • 1 spec. uniform pattern? (L = 145 mm); North Bimini, Lerner Marine Lab; 3 Jun. 1959; R.U. Gooding and A.G. Humes leg.; MCZ HOL-4301. – USA • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 166 mm); South Carolina, Racoon Key; 3 Jul. 1963; depth 46 m; A.S. Merril leg.; USNM E9808 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 130 mm); Georgia; 30.8967° N, 80.6067° W; 20 Aug. 1980; depth 33 m; Georgia Marine Resources for Minerals Management Service leg.; USNM E27835 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 250 mm); Florida, 56.5 nautical miles off NE Inlet; 30.18° N, 80.25° W; 27 Apr. 1983; depth 64 m; W.G. Lyons leg.; USNM E33178. GULF OF MEXICO – USA • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 210 mm); Florida, Sanibel Island; 26.440359° N, 82.113705° W; Mar. 1938; A.C. Fenner Jr leg.; MCZ HOL-1876 • 1 spec. reticulated pattern (L = 230 mm); Florida, Florida Keys, Dry Tortugas, Bird Key; 24.6185° N, 82.8854° W; Jun. 1917; H.L. Clark leg.; MCZ HOL-1212 • 1 spec. uniform pattern (L = 130 mm); Florida, Florida Keys, Dry Tortugas, Garden Key; 28 Sept. 1982; depth 2 m; J.E. Miller leg.; USNM E27982 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 257 mm); NW of Florida Keys; 24.7853° N, 83.2181° W; 20 Nov. 1980; depth 58.6 m; Mote Marine Lab for BLM/MMS leg.; USNM E40637 • 1 spec. uniform pattern (L = 255 mm); Florida, West of Naples; 25.7656° N, 82.1558° W; 12 Feb. 1982; depth 19.6 m; Continental Shelf Associes for BLM/ MMS leg.; USNM E39240 • 1 spec. uniform pattern (L = 250 mm); Florida, West of Fort Myers; 26.2803° N, 82.7336° W; 3 May 1981; depth 30.4 m; Continental Shelf Associes for BLM/MMS leg.; USNM E40334. – Mexico • 2 specs; Veracruz, Isla Sacrificios; 26 Jan. 1957; M.E. Caso leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.10 • 2 specs; Veracruz, Isla de En medio, Anton Lizardo; 19.1088889° N, 95.934445° W; 11 Jun. 2004; depth 1.5 m; P. Rodríguez leg.; on sandy bottom; ICML-UNAM 5.14.45 • 1 spec.; Veracruz, Isla Sacrificios; 19.2916667° N, 96.158056° W; 6 Apr. 2005; depth 1–2 m; J. Díaz leg.; on sandy bottom; ICML-UNAM 5.14.46 • 1 spec.; Veracruz, Bajos de Tuxpan; 21.0271667° N, 97.199° W; 15 Mar. 2011; depth 4–5 m; F. Solís-Marín leg.; coral reef; ICML-UNAM 5.14.58 • 1 spec.; Veracruz, off Isla Lobos; 21.4726667° N, 97.231167° W; 17 Mar. 2011; depth 12 m; F. Solís-Marín leg.; coral reef; ICML-UNAM 5.14.59 • 1 spec.; Veracruz, off Isla Lobos, Capirotes; 21.484° N, 97.228667° W; 17 Mar. 2011; depth 6–14 m; F. Solís-Marín leg.; coral reef; ICML-UNAM 5.14.60 • 1 spec.; Veracruz, El Morro de Punta Delgada; 19.8568333° N, 97.4565° W; 19 Mar. 2011; depth 1 m; F. Solís-Marín leg.; rocky bottom; ICML-UNAM 5.14.61 • 1 spec.; Tabasco, Paraíso Beach, Escollera Oeste; 29 Mar. 1998; M. Dominguez leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.41 • 1 spec.; Campeche, Sound of Campeche; Jun. 1972; ICML-UNAM 5.14.36 • 1 spec.; Campeche, Sound of Campeche; Jun. 1978; ICML-UNAM 5.14.37 • 3 specs; Campeche; 19.1716667° N, 91.648333° W; 13 Feb. 1995; ICML-UNAM 5.14.38 • 1 spec.; Campeche, Ciudad del Carmen, Bahamita Beach; 1 Aug. 1972; M.E. Caso leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.39 • 1 spec.; Campeche, Ciudad del Carmen, Las Playuelas Mou; 27 Nov. 1973; M.E. Caso leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.40 • 1 spec.; Yucatán, Arrecife Alacranes; 22.3871389° N, 89.6843612° W; 1 Aug. 2009; depth 2 m; Q. Hernandez leg.; ICML-UNAM 10736 • 1 spec.; Yucatán, Dzilan de Bravo, Yalkulub lighouse; 22.3980556° N, 88.8875° W; 21 May 2015; depth 14–18 m; A. Poot. leg.; sandy bottom; ICML-UNAM 11094 • 1 spec.; Yucatán, Celestun; 20.8597222° N, 90.4391667° W; 23 Apr. 2010; depth 3 m; S. Rodríguez leg.; sandy bottom; ICML-UNAM 18301. CARIBBEAN SEA – Mexico • 3 specs; Yucatán, Yucalpeten; 21.3522222° N, 89.711111° W; 14 Dec. 2000; depth 5 m; Z. Moguel leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.16 • 11 specs; Yucatán, San Felipe; 21.55° N, 89.6° W; 22 Oct. 2000; depth 1.5 m; Z. Moguel leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.26 • 2 specs; Quintana Roo, North of Cabo Coche; 22.6566667° N, 87.2083333° W; 28 Apr. 1985; depth 54.5 m; M.E. Caso leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.7 • 1spec.; Quintana Roo, Puerto Morelos; 20.8745833° N, 86.8506944° W; 17 Aug. 1999; depth 6 m; S. Frontana leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.42 • 1 spec.; Quintana Roo, Puerto Morelos, Bocana Chica; 20.8804083° N, 86.8509611° W; 3 Aug. 2009; depth 5.3 m; F. Solís-Marín leg.; ICML-UNAM 5.14.57. – Belize • 1 spec. reticulated pattern (L = 185 mm); Southwater Cay, West Side; 4 May 1974; K. Sandved leg.; USNM E18633. – Honduras • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 180 mm); West of Vivario Cays; 15.7233° N, 83.4833° W; 1 Feb. 1971; depth 29 m; leg.; USNM 1014372 • 1 spec.; Cayos Cochinos; Apr. 1998; depth 6 m; C.R. Hasbun leg.; on muddy bottom; ICML-UNAM 5.14.48. – Panama • 1 spec. reticulated pattern; Bocas del Toro, Cayo Adriana; 9.240528° N, 82.173417° W; 30 May 2013; depth 15 m; G. Borrero and A. Castillo leg.; mixed bottom sand, sponges, rubble coral, coral, algae and isolated seagrass, exposed, IbBT2R; Tiss-IbBT2 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 166 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT14CH; USNM 1659459 • 1 spec. chips pattern; same data as for preceding; IbBT16CH; Tiss-IbBT16 • 1 spec. reticulated pattern (L = 200 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT20R; USNM 1659460 • 1 spec. uniform pattern (L = 240 mm); same data as for preceding; depth 5 m; IbBT45U; USNM 1659461 • 1 spec. uniform pattern (L = 130 mm); same data as for preceding; depth 5 m; IbBT48U; USNM 1659462 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 185 mm); same data as for preceding; depth 10 m; IbBT55CH; USNM 1659463 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 240 mm); Bocas del Toro, Punta STRI; 9.3488889° N, 82.2616667° W; 30 May 2013; depth 6 m; G. Borrero and A. Castillo leg.; sandy bottom, exposed, IbBT62CH; USNM 1659464 • 1 spec. black and yellow pattern; same data as for preceding; IbBT67BY; Tiss-IbBT67 • 1 spec. reticulated pattern (L = 226 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT69R; USNM 1659464 • 1 spec. black and yellow pattern; same data as for preceding; IbBT71BY; Tiss-IbBT71 • 1 spec. black and yellow pattern; same data as for preceding; IbBT73BY; Tiss-IbBT73 • 1 spec. black and yellow pattern (L = 180 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT75R; MBMLP IbBT75 • 1 spec. reticulated pattern; same data as for preceding; IbBT83R; Tiss-IbBT83 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 135 mm); Bocas del Toro, STRI research station 1; 9.3502778° N, 82.25722222° W; 28 May 2013; depth 4 m; G. Borrero and I. Pedroarena-Leal leg.; seagrass bed, exposed, IBT106CH; MBMLP-IBT106 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 202 mm); same data as for preceding; IBT107CH; USNM 1659467 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 195 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT111CH; USNM 1659454 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 210 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT115CH; USNM 1659456 • 1 spec. chips pattern (L = 205 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT118CH; USNM 1659458 • 1 spec. reticulated pattern (L = 130 mm); Bocas del Toro, STRI research station 2; 9.3488611° N, 82.2585° W; 28 May 2013; depth 5 m; G. Borrero and I. Pedroarena-Leal leg.; mixed bottom of sand, corals, sponges, and isolated seagrass, exposed, IbBT98R; USNM 1659466 • 1 spec. uniform pattern (L = 230 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT112U; USNM 1659455 • 1 spec. black and yellow pattern (L = 235 mm); same data as for preceding; IbBT116BY; USNM 1659457. – Colombia • 1 spec. reticulated pattern; Magdalena, Santa Marta, Punta Betín; 11.250582° N, 74.220133° W; 23 May 2012; depth 3 m; G. Borrero and J. Gómez leg.; sandy, rocky bottom, exposed, IbSM4R; INV-TEJ1167 • 1 spec. reticulated pattern; same data as for preceding; IbSM5R; INV-TEJ1168 • 1 spec. reticulated pattern; same data as for preceding; IbSM7R; INV TEJ1170 • 1 spec. reti