Anatomical and physiological adaptation of camel to desert environment

The dromedary (Camelus dromedaries), also called Arabian camel or one humped camel. It is able to survive in hot dry desert due to anatomical structure. Anatomical adaption any alteration in the structure or function of an organism the organis becomes better fitted to survive and multiply in its environment. Adaptation of animal to its environment in general is used often for the process of adjustment to the environmental changes. The camel, however is able to utilize these mechanisms more effectively when exposed to the direct rays of the sun and for extremely long periods without drinking water. The orbit is circular, equidistant, completely osseous and markedly projecting laterally. Camel has long double eyelashes and a nictitating eye membrane to protect the eyes from the sun and sand. It also has closable nostrils. It breathes slowly with no panting. The lips are thick to help the camel eat the prickly shrubs. There is a thick coat of hair even inside the camel’s ear. The legs are long and thin with thick covers on knees. Hooves have a broad, flat leathery pad. Camel body temperature keeps fluctuating from 34°C to 41.7°C (93°F-107°F.). This helps the animal sweat less.