Periodontitis and risk of Coronary artery disease in geriatric population - General Considerations and mini review

Periodontal disease, which encompasses both gingivitis and periodontitis, impacts the structures that support the teeth, such as the gums, connective tissue, and alveolar bone. Gingivitis is characterized solely by inflammation of the gums, whereas periodontitis represents a more severe, chronic inflammatory condition that results in the gradual deterioration of the periodontium. Key indicators of periodontitis include the loss of clinical attachment, radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss— which can lead to increased tooth mobility and eventual tooth loss—along with the formation of periodontal pockets and bleeding during probing.