A review on risk factors and symptoms associated with arthritis

ABSTRACT: This review explores the risk factors and symptoms associated with arthritis, with a focus on osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and gout. Arthritis is a multifaceted condition influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The prevalence of arthritis increases with age, and women are more susceptible than men. Key risk factors include family history, obesity, joint injuries, infections, and smoking. Symptoms such as joint pain, stiffness, swelling, decreased range of motion, and fatigue significantly impact patients' quality of life. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to managing arthritis effectively and preventing severe joint damage. Present biological and clinical markers, including elevated CRP levels and the number of swollen and tender joints, play a vital role in early identification and management. This review underscores the importance of understanding the pathomechanisms and risk factors of arthritis to develop targeted therapies and improve patient outcomes. Keywords: Arthritis, Epidemiology, Infection, Risk factor