COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF SMOKE TUNNEL FLOW VISUALIZATION: TECHNIQUES, EVOLUTION, AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS

This paper presents a comprehensive review of smoke tunnel flow visualization, focusing on the techniques, advancements, and technological innovations in the field. Smoke tunnels, a type of particle tracing method, are widely used to visualize airflow patterns around aerodynamic bodies, enabling insights into complex fluid dynamics. Key visualization methods discussed include particle image velocimetry, schlieren photography, and shadowgraph techniques. The paper also highlights design elements, such as honeycomb settling chambers and turbulence-reducing screens, essential for optimizing visualization accuracy. This review provides a valuable resource for understanding the evolution and future potential of flow visualization technology.