A Comprehensive Review of Ground Penetrating Radar: Techniques, Applications and Future Directions

Abstract: Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technology has facilitated growth and research in multiple fields. It is a non-invasive method used for sub-surface exploration. GPR systems operate on the principles of Radar Systems, providing large operational flexibility. Archaeology, geophysics, civil engineering, environmental studies and military sectors see a large use of GPR systems. The review paper provides a comprehensive study about the developmental stages of modern GPR systems, GPR system types, applications of GPR systems, existing GPR methodologies and specification analysis of GPR systems. GPR system types are discussed based on signal technologies used and areas of application. For GPR system analysis, hardware design and software protocol execution is considered. Advancements in antenna design, data acquisition system, data processing systems and imaging system have been studied in this review paper. Avenues of artificial intelligence, machine learning, neural networks, deep learning, quantum physics and photonics have been discussed in relation to GPR methodologies. The research work referred for the review paper illustrates the usage of GPR systems for geophysical mapping, landmine detection, through-wall surveillance systems and structural integrity testing. The paper discusses challenges and limitations of GPR systems whenever relevant and aims at providing a clear understanding of existing GPR technologies to the reader. The review paper delves into the details of existing GPR methodologies, their functioning and operation. Future work and scope for development have been discussed at the end of the paper, emphasizing the need for enhanced data processing algorithms, integration with geophysical methods, and development of safer, user-friendly systems. Keywords: Ground Penetrating Radar, Data Processing, GPR Antenna, GPR applications, GPR analysis. Title: A Comprehensive Review of Ground Penetrating Radar: Techniques, Applications and Future Directions Author: Abhishek Rangole, Sampurna De, Nilesh Kuchekar, A A Bazil Raj International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews ISSN 2348-697X (Online) Vol. 12, Issue 3, July 2024 - September 2024 Page No: 30-53 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 26-September-2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13842586 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/a-comprehensive-review-of-ground-penetrating-radar-techniques-applications-and-future-directions