Myrmeleon littoralis Miller & Stange 1999

Myrmeleon littoralis Miller & Stange, 1999 Figs 1D, 11–13 Myrmeleon littoralis Miller & Stange in Miller et al., 1999: 64. Type locality: Taiwan (Miaoli). Myrmeleon littoralis – Stange et al. 2003: 116. — Wang et al. 2018: 106. Myrmeleon (Myrmeleon) littoralis – Stange 2004: 331. — Lin et al. 2019: 140. Material examined Holotype TAIWAN • ♂ (photos examined); Miaoli County, Tongxiao Township, Tongxiao Resort Beach (Tonshou Resort Beach); 24°29′47.5″ N, 120°40′20.5″ E; 3 May 1998; Robert A. Miller, Lionel A. Stange and Hsiau-Yue Wang leg.; collected as larva, emerged 4 Jul. 1998; FSCA 00091129. Paratypes TAIWAN – Miaoli County • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (2 larvae reared to adults); same data as for holotype; NTM 3620- 001, 3620-003. – Pingtung County • 1 ♂; Hengchun Township, Fengchuisha Beach (Feiha-Tre-Sha Area, Kenting Nat’l Park); 21°56′55.7″ N, 120°50′11.6″ E; 20 Apr. 1998; Robert A. Miller, Lionel A. Stange and Hsiau-Yue Wang leg.; on beach; TAMU ENTO X0405012. – Taitung County • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Donghe Township, Donghe (Dungha); 22°58′43.6″ N, 121°18′12.2″ E; 18 Apr. 1998; Robert A. Miller, Lionel A. Stange and Hsiau-Yue Wang leg.; NTM 3620-002 • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; TAMU X0405662. Additional material TAIWAN – Hsinchu County • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Hengshan Township, Hengshan Street Wood Factory; 26 Nov. 2019; Jia-Wei Chuang leg.; collected in wood dust; molting failed, preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♀ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding NMNS. – Kaohsiung City • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Jiaxian District, Baiyun Mountain; 27 Jan. 2021; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; molting failed, preserved in alcohol; NTU • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (4 larvae reared to adults); Yanchao District, Jinshan Temple; 22°48′19.01″ N, 120°23′29.18″ E; 13 Feb. 2021; Hsuan-Pu Chen leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (6 larvae reared to adults); Qijing District, Qijing Beach; 16 Nov. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 4 specs preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀ (5 larvae reared to adults); Meinong District, Shuangxi Arboretum Trail; 29 Jan. 2021; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU. – Kinmen County • 1 ♂; Jincheng Township, Tongan Wharf; 23 May 2020; Kai-Ti Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU. – Miaoli County • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Zhunan Township, Qiding Seaside Park; 8 Nov. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Zaoqiao Township, Shangrila Paradise Amusement Park; 23 Sep. 2017; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (2 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 12 Jan. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 2 ♂♂ (2 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 3 Mar. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; 1 spec. preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♀ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; 5 May 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 1 ♀ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; 9 Jun. 2018; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; 7 Jul. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; 4 Aug. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; 1 Sep. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; 6 Oct. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (4 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 4 Nov. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (8 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 1 Dec. 2018; Yu-Jen Tsao and Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; NTU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (3 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 12 Jan. 2019; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 2 ♂♂ (2 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 6 Jul. 2019; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; 1 spec. preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); same data as for preceding; 17 Aug. 2019; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; NTU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; TAMU X0068719, X0068674. – New Taipei City • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (2 larvae reared to adults); Gongliao District, Fulong Seaside Park; 7 Jun. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 1 spec. preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂; Jinshan District, Jinshan; 14 Oct. 1989; Wen-Jer Wu leg.; NTU • 2 ♀♀ (2 larvae reared to adults); Shimeng District, Laomei; 4 Aug. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 1 spec. preserved in alcohol; NTU • 3 ♀♀ (3 larvae reared to adults); Bali District, Laoqiankeng Road; 30 Oct. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Linkou District, Linkou Canyon; 8 Nov. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (4 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 7 Nov. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin, Bin-Hong Ho and Yun Ho leg.; 3 specs preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♀ (larva reared to adult); Gongliao District, Longmeng Bridge; 15 Dec. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; NTU • 2 ♂♂ (2 larvae reared to adults); Gongliao District, Longmeng Camping Ground; 15 Dec. 2019; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Tamsui District, Shalun Seaside Resort; 4 Jul. 2018; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; NTU • 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (6 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 1 Jun. 2019; Yu-Jen Tsao leg.; 3 specs preserved in alcohol; NTU • 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (5 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 3 Sep. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 4 specs preserved in alcohol; NTU • 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (5 larvae reared to adults); Jinshan District, Shitoushan Park; 21 Dec. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 4 specs preserved in alcohol; NTU • 2 ♂♂ (2 larvae reared to adults); Bali District, Wazihwei Beach; 11 Sep. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 2 specs preserved in alcohol; NTU. – Penghu County • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (4 larvae reared to adults); Huxi Township, Aimen Beach; 16 Jan. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 2 ♀♀ (2 larvae reared to adults); Baisha Township, Houliao Beach; 13 Jan. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 1 spec. preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (2 larvae reared to adults); Magong City, Shanshui Beach; 16 Jan. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU. – Pingtung County • 1 ♀ (larva reared to adult); Checheng Township, Baoli Forest Area; 29 Jan. 2021; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂ (cocoon reared to adult); Checheng Township, Baoli River; 11 Feb. 2019; Kai-Wei Chan leg.; NTU • 1 ♀ (larva reared to adult); Hengchun Township, Houbihu Beach; 4 Feb. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Hengchun Township, Kenting National Forest Recreation Area; 30 Jan. 2021; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Hengchun Township, South Bay; 3 Feb. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU. – Taichung City • 1 ♀; Beitun District, Dakeng Trail; 26 Nov. 2017; Yu-Ching Huang leg.; by hand; NCHU • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ (1 cocoon, 2 larvae reared to adults); same data as for preceding; 24 Jun. 2020; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; 2 specs preserved in alcohol; NTU. – Tainan City • 1 ♀; Xinhua District, NCHU Hsinhua (Xinhua) Forest Station; 11 Oct. 1984; J.T. Yang leg.; NCHU. – Taoyuan City • 1 ♂ (larva reared to adult); Guanyin District, Caota Sand Dunes; 8 Nov. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; NTU • 3 ♀♀ (3 larvae reared to adults); Xinwu District, Yongan Seaside Park; 8 Nov. 2019; Yu-Hsiu Lin leg.; preserved in alcohol; NTU. Re-description of the adult MEASUREMENTS (♂ n =11, ♀ n = 12). Body length: ♂ 25.9–33.2 mm, ♀ 26.5–31.1 mm; forewing: length ♂ 27.4–35.1 mm, ♀ 28.3–33.4 mm; width ♂ 7.1–9.1 mm, ♀ 7.3–9.0 mm; width/length ratio ♂ 0.2660, ♀ 0.2604; hindwing: length ♂ 28.2–37.1 mm, ♀ 29.0– 34.3 mm; width ♂ 6.0– 7.6 mm, ♀ 6.2– 7.8 mm; width/length ratio ♂ 0.2151, ♀ 0.2185. HEAD (Fig. 11A–B). Vertex strongly raised, rounded, shiny yellow, 4 shiny black spots along anterior margin and 4 shiny black spots along posterior margins, with sparse short black hairs; occiput pale yellow, with a pair of black spots in middle and a pair of pale brown spots on lateral side. Frons shiny black dorsally, whitish-yellow ventrally, with a pair of triangular dark brown near middle, covered with sparse short hyaline hairs; gena whitish-yellow, with a whitish-yellow line along ocular rim; clypeus whitish-yellow with a pair of dark brown spots, with sparse hyaline hairs. Antenna blackish-brown, short, with slightly defined club, covered with short dark hairs; scape whitish-yellow with a ring of black band; pedicel blackish-brown; flagellum comprising approximately 43 flagellomeres. Mouthparts yellow, labrum yellow, with several hyaline hairs; maxillary palps yellow, labial palps whitish-yellow, 3 rd palpomere darker, fusiform, tapering to acute apex, with brown round palpimacula on apical ⅓; submentum with long dark hairs. THORAX (Fig. 11B). Pronotum broad, approximately as long as wide, mostly blackish-brown, with a whitish-yellow median stripe on anterior half, lateral side with whitish-yellow stripe, lateral margin blackish-brown, membrane with a pair of dark brown markings, with hyaline hairs and long dark hairs. Cervical sclerites whitish-yellow with dark brown markings. Mesonotum dark brown, with a U-shaped whitish band with sparse hyaline hairs; mesoscutum with a pair of white spots. Metanotum dark brown with two pairs of whitish-yellow spots, covered with sparse hyaline hairs. Meso- and metapleuron whitish-yellow with a medial dark brown stripe, moderately covered with long hyaline hairs. LEGS. Whitish-yellow, short. Coxae whitish-yellow, moderately covered with long hyaline hairs. Femora moderately covered with short dark hairs, mixed with sparse long black setae; fore femur whitish-yellow, slightly brownish on posterior surface; mid- and hind femora dark brown on distal half of anterior surface; femoral sense hair length ½ to ⅔ of femur length on fore and mid legs, absent on hind leg. Tibiae moderately covered with short dark hairs, mixed with sparse long black setae; fore tibia dark brown on anterior surface; mid tibia brownish-yellow, darker on posterior surface. Tibial spurs reddish-brown, short, slender, almost straight, approximately as long as tarsomere 1 (slightly shorter on hi