Research progress on subcutaneous specific immunotherapy of dust mite allergens in children

Allergen specific immunotherapy （AIT） is the only etiological treatment method that alters the course of allergic diseases by inducing allergen-specific immune tolerance. Subcutaneous specific immunotherapy （SCIT）， due to its standardized process and high-quality control， has become the most predominant desensitization method in major allergy centers across the country. However， there are limitations in the initial phase of conventional treatment plans， requiring patients to return to the hospital weekly for injections， which involves a high number of needle sticks and a lengthy duration. Consequently， clinical practitioners have been continuously exploring optimized treatment strategies for SCIT. Dust mites are the most common inhalant allergens causing sensitization in children， this article reviews the different optimization strategies and clinical application progress of dust mite allergen SCIT in children， aiming to provide a more comprehensive clinical basis for the implementation of SCIT.After reviewing the literature， it was found that compared with the conventional treatment regimen， the accelerated escalation regimen was helpful to improve treatment compliance. However， at present， the sample size of studies such as rush immunotherapy and single accelerated concentration escalation schemes is generally small， so large-scale studies with larger sample size and more complete research are still needed to provide reliable data support.