The Role of GIS in Shaping Contemporary Geographical Thought: A Philosophical Perspective

Aims: This research aims to provide an in-depth perspective to the role of GIS in reshaping contemporary geographical thought in light of technological developments. It also discusses how to integrate artificial intelligence into GIS and the resulting philosophical shift in understanding space and time. Methodology: The research applied a critical analysis approach, which includes studying the works of pioneers in the field of GIS and geographical thought, and analyzing the scientific suggestions and concepts related to the development of these systems and their associated philosophical implications for contemporary geographical thought. Results: The results of the current study indicate that GIS, supported by artificial intelligence, has contributed to changing the concept of space from a static entity to a dynamic space that interacts with time and human experiences. Furthermore, critical approaches have raised new questions about the role of GIS in achieving spatial justice. This has led to the emergence of contemporary issues surrounding data availability in the context of GIS, such as privacy and the potential for exploiting spatial data to bridge social and economic gaps. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the need to employ geographic information systems (GIS) to achieve a fair distribution of resources and services, taking into account human and social aspects. Therefore, there is a need to develop geographic information systems (GIS) to be more comprehensive and equitable in representing and analyzing spatial data. On the other hand, GIS integrated with artificial intelligence has opened new aspects for sustainable planning and accurate analysis of spatial patterns.