Research progress of symbiotic actinomycetes of Odontotermes formosanus and their secondary metabolites in agricultural applications(黑翅土白蚁共生放线菌及其次级代谢产物在农业中的应用研究进展)

Actinomycetes are prolific producers of secondary metabolites, including antibiotics, enzymes, and antioxidants, making them valuable sources of bioactive products. The increasing challenge of antimicrobial resistance, coupled with the declining efficiency of traditional methods for discovering new compounds from soil microorganisms, makes the exploration of novel microbial sources and their metabolites increasingly urgent. Recent studies have demonstrated the isolation and characterization of novel natural products in actinomycetes from both the body of Odontotermes formosanus and the comb of its termite nest, which exhibit potent antibacterial activity, suggesting potential applications in agriculture. This review provides an in-depth discussion of the diversities of strains, genomic metabolic potential, and secondary metabolite profiles of actinomycetes from Odontotermes formosanus, alongside their potential applications in controlling agricultural pathogens. Furthermore, we outline future research directions focused on developing these microorganisms into environmentally sustainable biocontrol agents, aiming to provide references for the creation of new pesticides. . 放线菌能产生丰富的次级代谢产物，是抗生素、酶和抗氧化剂等生物活性物质的重要来源。随着抗生素耐药性问题的日益严峻，用传统方法从土壤微生物中挖掘新化合物的效率逐渐降低，因此，对新生境微生物及其代谢产物的探索变得日益迫切。近年来，国内外多个研究团队从黑翅土白蚁体内及其蚁巢菌圃中分离并鉴定出具有显著抗菌活性的新型微生物天然产物，并在农业领域表现出广泛的应用前景。本文深入探讨了源自黑翅土白蚁的放线菌菌株的类群多样性、基因组代谢潜能多样性以及次级代谢产物多样性，并重点分析了这些天然产物在多种农业病原菌防控中的应用潜力。此外，本文还展望了将其开发成环保型生物农药的未来研究重点，以期为新型农药的创制提供参考。