Estudos preliminares de Adsorventes Lenhocelulósicos para a Remoção de Cefalosporinas

Introduction: Acacia dealbata was explored as a biosorbent to remove cephalosporin from aqueous solutions. This study intends to demonstrate the feasibility of using lignocellulosic low-cost materials in the removal of pollutants, valorizing waste from other industries, and reducing the associated environmental impact. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of acacia residues to adsorb cephalosporin, analyze its adsorption potential, and examine the kinetic models involved in order to explore its use in water treatment. Methods: This review was conducted using a systematic approach to identify, analyze, and synthesize the relevant literature on the presence and impact of cephalosporin antibiotics in aquatic environments. In parallel, adsorption tests were performed using cephalosporin solutions with a concentration of 15 mg L⁻¹, varying the stirring time between 10 and 120 minutes. The adsorption kinetics were evaluated based on the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. The adsorption was analyzed by UV-Vis spectrometry, where a characteristic absorption peak at 240 nm was identified. Results: The results indicated that the pseudo-first order model presented the highest coefficient of determination (R² = 0.991), suggesting that the predominant mechanism is physical adsorption. This analysis confirmed the ability of acacia to adsorb cephalosporins, evidencing its potential as a biosorbent. Conclusion: This study highlights the relevance of biosorbents, such as Acacia dealbata, in the treatment of pollutants from the pharmaceutical industry. The use of sustainable materials offers a promising solution for water treatment, paving the way for future applications in the field of biosorption.