Research Demand and Review on Deterministic Communication in Hybrid 5G networks based on TSN

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) has emerged as a fundamental component in the communication infrastructure of Industry 4.0, primarily due to its ability to provide deterministic and ultra-reliable communication. These features are critically important for applications generating real-time traffic, which require precise timing and minimal latency. TSN, encompassing a set of IEEE 802.1 standards, is engineered to establish a reliable and deterministic communication framework over Ethernet. However, the need for flexibility and cost-effective infrastructure has driven the adoption of wireless communication, which offers a complementary set of advantages. Consequently, hybrid networks that integrate wired TSN with wireless technologies are becoming increasingly prevalent. Nevertheless, the integration of these heterogeneous systems poses significant challenges, particularly due to the differing characteristics of TSN protocols and wireless networks, such as 5G. Wireless networks are prone to issues like congestion and jitter, which can lead to increased packet loss and delays, compromising the ability to meet strict time constraints. This paper explores the integration of TSN with 5G networks, focusing on research gaps towards achieving deterministic communication and ensuring timely packet delivery through the synchronization of network elements and the strategic scheduling of packets based on pre-allocated resources within the 5G network.