Laboratory evaluation of hot and warm mixtures with high reclaimed asphalt pavement contents

Recently, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials have become a focal point in transportation materials research due to their economic and environmental benefits. Adding RAP materials to mixes introduces age-hardened binder, which tends to enhance rutting resistance but reduces cracking resistance--a critical concern in colder climates. To address these challenges, various testing procedures have been performed.