A scoping review of digital literacy, digital competence, digital fluency and digital dexterity

A scoping review of peer-reviewed scholarly articles published in English between 2013 and 2023 (10-year period) was conducted. An initial 485 results were retrieved with 184 duplicates removed. 301 studies were screened based on the title, keywords, and abstract fields, 108 full text reviews took place, with a final 61 papers included for analysis. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel to sort, group, and further analyse and visualise the data. Thematic analysis was used to report the results. The data extracted is on digital literacy, digital competence, digital fluency, and digital dexterity. It includes the knowledge, skills, and competencies attached to each concept.